Which entity is responsible for overseeing compliance with export regulations in the U.S.?

The Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) is the correct answer because it is the primary agency within the U.S. Department of Commerce responsible for implementing and enforcing export control laws. The BIS oversees compliance with export regulations related to dual-use goods and technologies, meaning items that can be used for both civilian and military purposes. It formulates policies, provides guidance, and issues regulations to ensure that exports do not threaten national security or violate international agreements.

Additionally, the BIS manages the Export Administration Regulations (EAR), which dictate how and when goods and technologies can be exported. This regulatory oversight is crucial in safeguarding U.S. interests by monitoring and controlling exports to specific countries, organizations, and individuals to mitigate risks associated with proliferation and illegal trade.