Which of the following is included in the ITAR framework?

The inclusion of defense services in the ITAR framework is significant for several reasons. ITAR, or the International Traffic in Arms Regulations, primarily governs the export and import of defense articles and defense services. Defense services encompass a broad range of activities, including but not limited to training, technical assistance, and the transfer of technical data related to defense articles. This ensures that sensitive military technology and knowledge do not fall into the hands of unauthorized persons or countries, thereby safeguarding national security interests.

On the other hand, while commercial products or dual-use items can also be regulated under other frameworks, they are not governed by ITAR in the same manner as defense services. Dual-use items refer to those that can have both civilian and military applications, and they are generally controlled under the Export Administration Regulations (EAR), not ITAR. Non-sensitive electronic items are typically outside the scope of ITAR as well, considering they do not relate to defense services or articles. The focus on defense services under ITAR highlights the regulatory emphasis on protecting sensitive military capabilities and information from potential misuse.